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    Question

    Paragraph for question 13 to 16 Mutations are alterations in the DNA sequence that can occur in various forms, such as point mutations, where a single base is changed, or deletions and insertions, which result in the loss or addition of DNA segments. Substitutions involve the replacement of bases, while inversions reverse a DNA segment. Frameshift mutations, caused by insertions or deletions, disrupt the reading frame of genes. When a mutation leads to the replacement of one amino acid with another in a plant protein, it is known as ”a” . Mutations play a significant role in plant breeding, as they can introduce beneficial traits, enhance b , and improve crop resistance to diseases or environmental stresses.

    Which type of mutation is least likely to affect the phenotype of a plant, as it does not change the amino acid sequence?

    A Missense mutation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B Silent mutation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C Nonsense mutation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D Frameshift mutation Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    E Insertion Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    Silent mutations do not alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, and therefore, they are less likely to have a visible effect on the plant's phenotype.

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