Question

Read the following passage and answer the Questions (Q no. 9 to 12) based on the passage. Livelihood generation in rural India is crucial for driving economic development, reducing poverty, and ensuring social stability. Rural areas, which are home to the majority of India's population, often face challenges such as limited job opportunities, low incomes, and dependence on agriculture, which can be unreliable due to factors like climate change and fluctuating market conditions. By focusing on livelihood generation, rural communities can achieve more sustainable economic growth and improved living standards. One of the key benefits of creating diverse livelihood opportunities in rural areas is reducing the over-reliance on agriculture. While farming remains a central part of rural life, many small-scale farmers struggle with inconsistent yields and low profitability. By introducing alternative income-generating activities such as small-scale industries, handicrafts, agro-processing, and renewable energy projects, rural households can diversify their income streams, making them less vulnerable to the risks associated with agricultural dependence. Livelihood generation also plays a significant role in reducing rural-to-urban migration. Many rural residents, particularly the youth, leave their villages in search of better employment opportunities in cities, leading to overcrowding and pressure on urban infrastructure. By creating jobs and supporting entrepreneurship in rural areas, the need for migration is reduced, allowing individuals to stay within their communities while still achieving economic stability. This, in turn, helps preserve the cultural and social fabric of rural life.