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Special drawing rights (SDR) refer to an international type of monetary reserve currency created by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1969 that operates as a supplement to the existing money reserves of member countries (India joined the IMF on December, 1945). Created in response to concerns about the limitations of gold and dollars as the sole means of settling international accounts, SDRs augment international liquidity by supplementing the standard reserve currencies. An SDR is essentially an artificial currency instrument used by the IMF, The value of the SDR is based on a basket of fivecurrencies—the U.S. dollar, the euro, the Chinese Renminbi, the Japanese yen, and the British pound sterling. The IMF uses SDRs for internal accounting purposes. SDRs are allocated by the IMF to its member countries and are backed by the full faith & credit of the member countries' governments. The makeup of the SDR is re-evaluated every fiveyears .
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