Which of the following statements about the World Bank's report on agri-food systems are correct?

A) The report highlights the significant role of the agrifood sector in global greenhouse gas emissions.

B) India’s potential for emission reduction includes replacing 1 million diesel irrigation pumps with solar pumps.

C) Investment requirements to halve agrifood emissions by 2030 and achieve net-zero by 2050 are estimated at $260 million annually.

Solution

Statement A is correct as the report highlights the significant role of the agrifood sector in global greenhouse gas emissions. Statement B is incorrect as India's potential for emission reduction includes replacing a quarter of its 8.8 million diesel irrigation pumps with solar pumps. Statement C is correct as the report estimates the investment requirements to halve agrifood emissions by 2030 and achieve net-zero by 2050 at $260 billion annually. • The World Bank’s report, “Recipe for a Livable Planet: Achieving Net Zero Emissions in the Agrifood System,” highlights the significant role of the agrifood sector in global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for about one-third of all emissions. • India’s potential for emission reduction is notable, with the replacement of a quarter of its 8.8 million diesel irrigation pumps with solar pumps potentially reducing emissions by 11.5 million tonnes per year. • The report identifies China, Brazil, India, the United States, and Indonesia among the top ten agrifood system emitters, collectively responsible for 55% of global agrifood emissions. • High-income countries are urged to support low- and middle-income countries in adopting low-emission farming methods, with middle-income countries having the potential to reduce up to three-quarters of global agrifood emissions. • Investment requirements to halve agrifood emissions by 2030 and achieve net-zero by 2050 are estimated at $260 billion annually. The potential benefits from these investments could exceed $4 trillion, including improvements in human health, food security, job quality, and carbon retention. • Solar irrigation pumps are highlighted as sustainable alternatives to conventional fuel-based pumps, offering benefits like reduced GHG emissions and lower operational costs post-installation, with potential subsidies and incentives from governments and NGOs. • Enteric fermentation in ruminants like cows and sheep is a significant source of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Addressing this through dietary adjustments, genetic selection, and management practices is crucial for reducing emissions from livestock.