Solution

● Statement 1 is incorrect: Balance of Payment refers to the economic transactions occurring between the residents and the non-residents of a country. It does not include the concept of citizens and non-citizens. The Balance of Payment is composed of two components: Current Account Visibles (Goods) Invisibles (Services, Income in the form of Interest, profit, dividend, and Transfer Payment: remittances, donations, etc) o Capital Account Investment like FDI or FPI Loans Bank deposits or Foreign Currency Nonresident Accounts. ● Statement 2 is correct: Trade protectionist policy of a country aims at reserving the economy and market for the residents or locals. It prohibits imports from other countries. Such a policy of USA is bound to decrease India’s exports and hence would lead to deficit in the Current Account as trade in invisibles and visibles forms a part of the Current Account.