Which among the following relates to caste movement in

Solution

· Ezhava Movement: To build a simplified system of rituals regarding worship, marriage and funerals and to abolish untouchability, the untouchable Ezhavas under the leadership of Narayan Guru started the Sri Narayan Dharma Paripalana Yogam. · Nadar Movement: In Tamil Nadu, an untouchable caste of toddy tappers and agricultural labourers emerged as a prosperous mercantile class by the end of the 19th century and began to call themselves Nadar, to claim kshatriya status. They raised funds for educational and social welfare activities and imitated upper caste customs and manners. · Mahar Movement: It was the movement of the untouchable Mahars of Maharashtra, under the leadership of B. R Ambedkar gained momentum in the 1920s. Their demand was to use public drinking water tanks, enter temples and separate representation in the legislative council. · Pabna Movement: It was a peasant movement in the East Bengal region. The peasantry was oppressed by the zamindars through frequent recourse to ejection, harassment, illegal seizure of property, arbitrary enhancement of rent and use of force. · Kaivartas Movement: Kaivartas of Midnapur in Bengal belonged to lower castes but they were economically well off. They began calling themselves ‘ Mahishyas’. And started s ‘ Jati Nirdharini Sabha’ (1897) and a ‘Mahishya Samiti’ (1901), which later played a prominent role in the nationalist movement.