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    Question

    Arrange the steps of recombinant DNA technology in the

    correct order: (A) Ligation (B) Transformation (C) Restriction digestion (D) Selection of transformed cells
    A A → B → C → D Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    B C → A → B → D Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    C B → A → C → D Correct Answer Incorrect Answer
    D C → B → A → D Correct Answer Incorrect Answer

    Solution

    The correct sequence is: Restriction digestion → Ligation → Transformation → Selection of transformed cells. The correct sequence of steps in recombinant DNA technology is: (i) Restriction digestion (C) – The desired gene and vector DNA are cut using restriction enzymes. (ii) Ligation (A) – The gene of interest is inserted into the vector using DNA ligase, forming recombinant DNA. (iii) Transformation (B) – The recombinant DNA is introduced into a host cell (e.g., bacteria). (iv) Selection of transformed cells (D) – Cells containing recombinant DNA are identified and selected using markers (e.g., antibiotic resistance genes).

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