Solution

A Hierarchical File structure organizes data in a tree-like model where records are arranged in a parent-child hierarchy. This allows for efficient data retrieval by following parent-child relationships, making it suitable for representing hierarchical data like organizational structures. a) Sequential File structures data in a linear order, which is not hierarchical. b) Indexed File provides efficient retrieval using indexes but is not specifically hierarchical. c) Direct Access File allows for data retrieval based on a key but does not organize data hierarchically. e) Relational File refers to a relational database structure, not a hierarchical file system.