Solution

The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to map a known IP address to its corresponding MAC (Media Access Control) address. It is essential for communication within a local network where devices need the MAC address for packet delivery. Why Other Options are Wrong: b) DNS (Domain Name System) resolves domain names to IP addresses. c) DHCP assigns dynamic IP addresses to devices on a network. d) ICMP is used for error reporting and diagnostic functions, such as ping. e) FTP is a protocol for file transfer, unrelated to address resolution.