Solution

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is the protocol responsible for dynamically assigning IP addresses to devices on a network. When a device connects to the network, it sends a DHCP request to the server, which then allocates an available IP address from its pool and sends it back to the device, along with other network configuration details (like subnet mask and default gateway). This dynamic assignment is crucial for large networks, as it automates the management of IP addresses, reducing the potential for conflicts and administrative overhead. Why Other Options are Incorrect: A) ARP (Address Resolution Protocol): ARP is used to map IP addresses to MAC addresses within a local area network but does not assign IP addresses. B) ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): ICMP is used for sending error messages and operational information but is not involved in IP address assignment. D) DNS (Domain Name System): DNS translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses but does not assign IP addresses to devices. E) FTP (File Transfer Protocol): FTP is used for transferring files between hosts but has no role in the assignment of IP addresses.