Standardizing column names ensures consistency, making it easier to merge and analyze datasets. By mapping all variations to a uniform name (e.g., "Product_ID"), you can avoid confusion and ensure that subsequent operations (e.g., joins or aggregations) are error-free. Option A : Retaining all variations increases complexity and redundancy in the dataset. Option C : Dropping the columns results in data loss, reducing analysis quality. Option D : A mapping table might help in understanding variations but doesn’t standardize the data for use. Option E : Analyzing separately prevents gaining a comprehensive view of the data.