Solution

Paging is a memory management scheme that eliminates the need for contiguous allocation of physical memory. It allows a process to be divided into fixed-size blocks called pages, and these pages can be stored anywhere in physical memory. This technique helps in creating an illusion that each process has a dedicated memory space, as the operating system maps virtual addresses to physical memory addresses dynamically. Paging ensures that the system can use physical memory more efficiently, overcoming issues like fragmentation and allowing processes to be loaded into any available location in memory. Option B (Segmentation): Segmentation divides memory into variable-sized segments, but it doesn’t provide the same level of abstraction or efficiency as paging when dealing with virtual memory. Option C (Swapping): Swapping moves entire processes in and out of memory, but it doesn’t directly contribute to the illusion of dedicated memory space for each process. Option D (Virtualization): Virtualization refers to the abstraction of physical resources into virtual resources. While related to memory management, it is broader and not specifically about virtual memory in the same way paging is. Option E (Fragmentation): Fragmentation is an issue in memory management, not a technique. It occurs when memory is wasted, leading to inefficient use of memory space.