Solution

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is responsible for mapping an IP address to a MAC address in a local network. When a device wants to send data to another device on the same local network, it uses ARP to find out the MAC address associated with the destination IP address. Once the MAC address is known, the device can then frame the Ethernet packet and send it over the network. Option A (DHCP): The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is responsible for dynamically assigning IP addresses to devices on a network. It does not map IP addresses to MAC addresses. Option C (ICMP): The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is used for diagnostic purposes, such as sending ping requests and receiving error messages. It does not map IP addresses to MAC addresses. Option D (DNS): The Domain Name System (DNS) is used to resolve domain names to IP addresses, not for mapping IP addresses to MAC addresses. Option E (TCP): Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a connection-oriented protocol used in the transport layer to ensure reliable data transmission, but it does not deal with address resolution.