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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is the protocol used to dynamically assign IP addresses to devices on a network. When a device joins a network, it sends a DHCP request to a DHCP server, which responds with an available IP address, along with other network configuration settings such as subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server information. This automation simplifies the management of IP addresses within a network, allowing for more efficient use of address space and reducing the potential for IP conflicts that can occur when static IP addresses are used. DHCP is essential for both small and large networks, ensuring devices can seamlessly connect and communicate without manual configuration. By managing IP address allocation dynamically, DHCP enhances network flexibility and scalability, allowing for easy adjustments as devices are added or removed from the network. Option A (ICMP) - Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is used for error handling and diagnostics, not for assigning IP addresses. Option C (ARP) - Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to map IP addresses to physical MAC addresses within a local network, rather than assigning IP addresses. Option D (DNS) - Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names to IP addresses but does not handle the assignment of IP addresses. Option E (FTP) - File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used for transferring files between systems, not for IP address allocation.
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