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Regarding the given multiple-choice question, the correct answer is a) Estoppel by will. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 recognizes different kinds of estoppel which are as follows: Â a) Estoppel by deed: This type of estoppel arises when a party has made a solemn assertion in a deed or other instrument in writing, and is precluded from denying the truth of that assertion in a subsequent legal proceeding. b) Estoppel by conduct: This type of estoppel arises when a party has by their conduct, acquiesced to a certain state of affairs or has induced another party to believe in the existence of certain facts. The party is then precluded from denying the existence of those facts in a subsequent legal proceeding. c) Estoppel by record: This type of estoppel arises when a fact has been previously determined by a judicial or quasi-judicial tribunal, and that determination is final and conclusive between the parties to the proceeding. However, "estoppel by will" is not a recognized type of estoppel under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. "Estoppel by will" is a legal doctrine under English law, which is based on the principle that a person cannot make a representation or promise in their will, and then act in a way that is inconsistent with that representation or promise.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance...
All foxes cannot be huts. No look is a hut.
Statements: All actors are directors.
Some directors are dancers.
All dancers are writers.
Statement:
Only a few P are Q Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Only a few Q are R Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â...
Statements : All aeroplanes are helicopters.
Some helicopters are kites.
All jets are kites.
Conclusions : I. Some kites not bein...
Statements: Some guitars are harmoniums.
No harmonium is a sitar.
Conclusions: I. Some guitars are not sitars.
II. Some sitars ar...
Statements:
All Shark are Fish.
No Fish is a Whale.
Some Whale are Dolphin.
Conclusion:
Some Whale are Sharks i...
Statements:
All shoes are shirts
Only a few shirts are watches
Some watches are not mobile
Only a few mobile are copy
...Statements: No sun is a core.
       Some cores are earths.
Conclusions: I. Some cores are not suns.
    II. So...
Statement:
Some buckets are mugs.
Some mugs are tubs.
All tubs are plastics.
No plastics is a white.
Conclusion: <...